Definition of generator, its principle working and its applications For 12th , Polytechnic 1st and 3rd Semester

Generator

A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It operates based on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

Principle of Operation

The principle behind the working of a generator is Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. When a coil of wire is rotated within a magnetic field, it generates an electromotive force (EMF) or voltage. This induced voltage is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the coil. In simpler terms, as the coil spins, it cuts through the magnetic field lines, creating an electric current in the wire.

Working of a Generator

1. Mechanical energy, often from a turbine or an engine, is used to rotate a coil of wire within a magnetic field.

2. As the coil rotates, it cuts through the magnetic lines of force, inducing an EMF in the wire.

3. This induced voltage creates an alternating current (AC) in the wire.

4. The AC output can be used to power various electrical devices.

Applications

Generators find applications in various areas, including:

• Providing backup power during electrical outages
• Powering remote locations or construction sites
• Generating electricity in power plants
• Powering electric vehicles